Guides
Editor
Rais Rafikov
Founder, Listyco
Rais Rafikov is the founder of Listyco and has led marketing and technology for luxury real-estate sales teams on the Costa del Sol. He writes about Marbella-area property, Spanish tax and the mechanics of buying internationally, working from primary sources and verified market data.
Rais writes the Listyco journal, an English-language library on Costa del Sol and Spanish property built to be accurate, dated and citable. Every figure is traced to a named primary source.
Articles by Rais
Guides
Res judicata (cosa juzgada) in Spanish property litigation in 2026: LEC Article 400 and when a property dispute is permanently closed
· 8 min read
Guides
Executing non-judicial titles in Spanish property matters in 2026: LEC Article 517 and how notarial deeds, mortgages and arbitration awards are enforced without a trial
· 12 min read
Guides
Voluntary jurisdiction (jurisdiccion voluntaria) in Spain in 2026: Ley 15/2015 and how non-contentious property matters are handled outside court
· 9 min read
Guides
Preventive measures (medidas cautelares) in Spanish property litigation in 2026: LEC Articles 721 to 747 and how to freeze a property dispute before trial
· 8 min read
Guides
Contract Nullity and Annulability for Spanish Property in 2026: CC Articles 1261 to 1300, the Four Ineficacia Categories and When a Purchase Can Be Undone
· 13 min read
Guides
The proceso monitorio in Spain in 2026: LEC Articles 812 to 818 and how property debts are recovered without a full trial
· 10 min read
Guides
The Assignment of Credits (Cesion de Creditos) in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 1526 to 1536 and How Property-Related Credits Transfer
· 9 min read
Guides
The Certificate of Last Will (Certificado de Actos de Ultima Voluntad) in Spain in 2026: How Heirs Prove a Will Exists
· 10 min read
Guides
The Right of Transmission (Derecho de Transmision) in Spain in 2026: CC Article 1006 and What Happens When an Heir Dies Before Accepting the Inheritance
· 11 min read
Guides
Matrimonial Agreements (Capitulaciones Matrimoniales) in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 1325 to 1330 and How Prenuptial Agreements Work for Foreign Property Owners
· 8 min read
Guides
The Widower's Usufruct (Usufructo Viudal) in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 834, 839 and 840 and the Surviving Spouse's Right to the Marital Home
· 9 min read
Guides
Accepting inheritance at benefit of inventory in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 1010 to 1034 and how to limit liability for a deceased owner's debts
· 9 min read
Guides
The Open Will (Testamento Abierto) in Spain in 2026: CC Article 694, Notarial Requirements and the Ley 8/2021 Disability Reform
· 13 min read
Guides
The Bank Guarantee (Aval Bancario) in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 1822 to 1856 and When a Bank Surety Secures Your Property Transaction
· 10 min read
Guides
Mortgage Interest Deductibility in Spain in 2026: Can Non-Resident Landlords Deduct Financing Costs Against Rental Income?
· 7 min read
Guides
VFT Tourist Licence Renewal in Andalusia: Duration, Expiry and How to Keep Your Registration Current in 2026
· 8 min read
Guides
Eviction (Desahucio) in Spain in 2026: LEC Article 441, the Two Eviction Types and What Landlords Need to Know
· 11 min read
Guides
The Public Deed (Escritura Publica) in Spain in 2026: Notarial Instruments, Legal Force and Why Property Transactions Require One
· 9 min read
Guides
The Statutory Right of First Refusal (Retracto Legal) in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 1521 to 1525 and When a Co-Owner Can Unwind Your Purchase
· 8 min read
Guides
Dying Without a Will in Spain: Intestate Succession and the Codigo Civil Default Rules for Non-Resident Property Owners (2026)
· 8 min read
Guides
Herencia Yacente in Spain in 2026: The Pending Estate Phase Between Death and Acceptance Under CC Article 1934
· 11 min read
Guides
The Water Easement (Servidumbre de Aguas) in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 552-557 and Water Rights Between Neighbouring Properties
· 14 min read
Guides
The Party Wall (Pared Medianera) in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 571-579, Co-Ownership Rights and Building Against a Shared Wall
· 9 min read
Guides
Collation of Goods (Colacion de Bienes) in Spain in 2026: CC Article 1035 and When Heirs Must Return Gifts to Equalise the Estate
· 11 min read
Guides
Partition of inheritance (particion de herencia) in Spain in 2026: how CC Articles 1051-1081 divide estate assets
· 12 min read
Guides
Reparcelacion urbanistica in Spain in 2026: land readjustment under Andalusian planning law
· 10 min read
Guides
The Specific Bequest (Legado) in Spain in 2026: How CC Articles 858-891 Assign Individual Assets in a Will
· 11 min read
Guides
The Contador-Partidor in Spain in 2026: CC Article 1057, the Testamentary Partition Accountant and How It Differs From the Albacea
· 11 min read
Guides
Closed Will (Testamento Cerrado) in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 706-715, the Sealed Envelope Process and Privacy Trade-Offs
· 11 min read
Guides
Holographic Will (Testamento Olografo) in Spain in 2026: CC Articles 688-693, Validity and the Post-Death Admonition
· 13 min read
Guides
Estepona Property Investment Guide in 2026: Notarial Prices, Growth Zones and the Value Case vs Marbella
· 14 min read
Guides
Marbella Owner and Landlord Guide in 2026: Rental Income, Tourist Lets and Property Management on the Costa del Sol
· 9 min read
Guides
Buying Property in Benahavis in 2026: The Complete Guide to Spain's Gated-Estate Municipality
· 13 min read
Guides
Timeshare and long-term holiday products in Spain: your rights under Directive 2008/122/EC and how to cancel
· 10 min read
Guides
Renting and Landlording on the Costa del Sol in 2026: VFT, Long-Term Lets, Tax and the Complete Owner's Guide
· 16 min read
Guides
Impugnacion de acuerdos in Spain: challenging community decisions under LPH Article 18
· 11 min read
Guides
Agregacion de Fincas in Spain: How to Absorb One Property Into Another Under the Reglamento Hipotecario
· 10 min read
Guides
Parcelacion urbanistica in Andalusia: land division rules, licences and the illegal-subdivision risk under the LISTA
· 10 min read
Guides
Reanudacion del Tracto Sucesivo in Spain: How to Restore a Broken Chain of Title Under Ley Hipotecaria Article 198
· 8 min read
Guides
Mortgage novacion in Spain: how to modify your home loan under Codigo Civil articles 1203 to 1207
· 8 min read
Guides
Inmatriculacion in Spain: First Registration of a Property in the Land Registry Under Ley Hipotecaria Title VI
· 11 min read
Guides
Agrupacion de Fincas in Spain: How to Merge Registered Properties Under RD 1093/1997
· 8 min read
Guides
The seller's warranty against eviccion in Spain: Codigo Civil Article 1475 and what happens when a third party takes your property back (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
The interdicts in Spanish property law: summary possession protection under LEC Article 250 and when to use an interdicto de retener, recobrar or obra nueva (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
The preventive annotation (anotacion preventiva) in Spain: Ley Hipotecaria Article 42 and how to protect a property claim while a lawsuit is pending (2026)
· 16 min read
Guides
The anticresis in Spain: Codigo Civil Article 1881 and when a creditor can take the income of a debtor's property
· 11 min read
Guides
The Comodato and Precario in Spain: When a Free Occupant Has No Tenancy Protection (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
The bilateral promise contract in Spanish property: Article 1451 of the Codigo Civil and a mutual obligation to buy and sell (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
The right of surface (derecho de superficie) in Spain: building on land you do not own under RDL 7/2015 (2026)
· 13 min read
Guides
The resolutory condition in Spanish property contracts: Civil Code Article 1124 and how to resolve a contract for breach (2026)
· 9 min read
Guides
The right of repurchase (pacto de retro) in Spanish property: Article 1507 of the Codigo Civil and the retracto convencional explained
· 10 min read
Guides
The purchase option (opcion de compra) in Spanish property: how option contracts work under Article 1255 of the Codigo Civil
· 10 min read
Guides
The Albacea in Spanish Succession Law: The Testamentary Executor and How It Differs From a Contador-Partidor (2026)
· 9 min read
Guides
The Fideicomissary Substitution in Spain: Sustitucion Fideicomisaria Under Codigo Civil Articles 781 to 785 and How to Create Sequential Inheritances
· 10 min read
Guides
Succession agreements in Spain: the pactos sucesorios, the Codigo Civil prohibition and how foral regions allow contractual inheritance
· 13 min read
Guides
Reverse Mortgages in Spain: the hipoteca inversa under Ley 41/2007 and how equity-rich owners can unlock their home
· 12 min read
Guides
Certificate of Non-Residence in Spain in 2026: How Non-Residents Prove Tax Status for Property
· 11 min read
Guides
Lease assignment (cesion de contrato) in Spain: LAU Article 8 consent rules, subarriendo vs cesion and what happens when a tenant transfers a lease
· 10 min read
Guides
Multi-currency mortgages in Spain: the multidivisa risk, Article 20 of Ley 5/2019 and why currency swings can wipe out your equity
· 10 min read
Guides
Linked Products in Spanish Mortgages: Article 17 of Ley 5/2019 and What Banks Can and Cannot Require
· 8 min read
Guides
The declaration of new works (declaracion de obra nueva) in Spain: Ley Hipotecaria Article 202 and how to register a new build
· 11 min read
Guides
The community debt certificate (certificado de deudas) in Spain: what it is and why every buyer must demand it
· 9 min read
Guides
Property Owner Civil Liability in Spain: Responsabilidad Civil, What You Are Liable For and How Insurance Protects You
· 9 min read
Guides
Community statutes (estatutos) in Spain: what they must contain, what they can regulate and how they bind every owner
· 9 min read
Guides
The private sale contract (contrato de compraventa) in Spain: what it must contain and the step between arras and the escritura
· 12 min read
Guides
The Nota Simple in Spain: What This Land Registry Document Reveals and Why Every Property Buyer Needs One (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
Squatter insurance in Spain: seguro de okupacion, what it covers and whether non-resident owners need it (2026)
· 12 min read
Guides
Rental Guarantors in Spain: Aval Bancario, Fiador Personal and the LAU Article 36.5 Additional Guarantee (2026)
· 10 min read
Guides
The cuota de participacion in Spanish communities: how your share is set, what it determines and how to challenge it
· 9 min read
Guides
The TEAC and TEAR: Spain's tax appeal tribunals and how to challenge an AEAT assessment
· 11 min read
Guides
Pre-emption and first-refusal rights in Spanish property: who can step in and buy before you
· 12 min read
Guides
NIE renewal and replacement in Spain: what to do when your certificate expires, gets lost or needs updating (2026)
· 8 min read
Guides
The rental inventory in Spain: check-in and check-out reports, photo evidence and deposit protection (2026)
· 9 min read
Guides
Community Meeting Minutes (Acta) in Spain in 2026: Legal Requirements, Challenges and the Digital Reform
· 13 min read
Guides
Rental habitability standards in Spain: LAU Article 2, what makes a property fit to rent and the tenant remedies when it is not (2026)
· 9 min read
Guides
Subletting in Spain in 2026: Written Consent, the 2025 Supreme Court Ruling and Eviction
· 13 min read
Guides
Rent default insurance in Spain: seguro de impago, what it covers and whether non-resident landlords need it
· 10 min read
Guides
Community Debt Prescription in Spain in 2026: When Community Fees Expire and the Five-Year Rule
· 14 min read
Guides
Tax proration at property completion in Spain: how ITP, IBI and community fees are split between buyer and seller (2026)
· 12 min read
Guides
Community Rule Violation Penalties in Spain in 2026: Fines, Enforcement and the LPH Framework
· 14 min read
Guides
Empadronamiento in Marbella in 2026: How and Why to Register on the Padron
· 11 min read
Guides
Missed Mortgage Payments in Spain in 2026: What Happens When You Default, the Grace Period and the Foreclosure Trigger
· 12 min read
Guides
Community Voting Methods in Spain in 2026: Secret Ballot, Proxy Votes and How LPH Article 15 Governs Owner Representation
· 14 min read
Guides
Tenant early termination and notice periods in Spain in 2026: LAU Article 11 desistimiento, the preaviso rules and the RDL 8/2026 extension that came and went
· 12 min read
Guides
Mortgage stress tests in Spain in 2026: how banks assess non-resident affordability under Banco de Espana rules
· 13 min read
Guides
AEAT tax clearance certificates in Spain: the certificado de estar al corriente and how to prove you have no tax debts (2026)
· 10 min read
Guides
Property escrow in Spain in 2026: notarial deposits, lawyer client accounts and how buyer deposits are protected
· 16 min read
Guides
Mortgage guarantors in Spain: the avalista, fiador and how a non-resident guarantor backs a Spanish home loan (2026)
· 8 min read
Guides
Tenant improvement compensation in Spain: LAU Article 23 and what landlords owe at lease end
· 8 min read
Guides
Property liens and embargoes in Spain in 2026: how tax debts, judgments and AEAT collection attach your property
· 17 min read
Guides
Property complex regimes in Spain in 2026: the LPH Article 24 complejo inmobiliario for mixed-use urbanisations
· 13 min read
Guides
The Spanish Digital Certificate for Property Owners in 2026: Certificado Digital, Cl@ve and Electronic Tax Filing
· 14 min read
Guides
Property Tax Late Filing Penalties in Spain in 2026: AEAT Surcharges, Modelo 210 Deadlines and the Reduced-Surcharge Window
· 13 min read
Guides
The cadastral parcel description in Spain in 2026: how the Catastro defines your property boundaries and what to check
· 14 min read
Guides
Rental Income in a Split Tax Year in Spain in 2026: How to Report Partial-Year Rental Earnings When You Become Resident Mid-Year
· 12 min read
Guides
Joint Mortgage Applications in Spain: Co-Borrowers, Shared Liability and How Two Non-Resident Buyers Can Borrow Together (2026)
· 8 min read
Guides
Property ruin declaration in Spain in 2026: when a building is declared uninhabitable and what the owner must do
· 16 min read
Guides
Land Registry Registration in Spain in 2026: How Tracto Sucesivo and Fe Publica Protect Your Property
· 13 min read
Guides
Mortgage discharge and cancellation in Spain in 2026: how to clear your mortgage from the land registry
· 11 min read
Guides
Community Meetings in Spain in 2026: Ordinary and Extraordinary General Assemblies, Quorum Rules and the LPH Telematic Reform
· 15 min read
Guides
Tourist tax Mallorca in 2026: the ecotasa explained, plus Catalonia, Galicia and the Andalusia debate
· 15 min read
Guides
Mortgage Payment Protection Insurance in Spain in 2026: DGSFP Rules, Automatic Refunds and What It Covers
· 12 min read
Guides
Contesting a Will in Spain in 2026: Pretericion, Desheredacion, the Four-Year Deadline and Cross-Border Rules
· 13 min read
Guides
Challenging a Low Bank Valuation in Spain in 2026: How to Dispute a Tasacion Hipotecaria and Get a Second Opinion
· 15 min read
Guides
Construction Liability Insurance in Spain in 2026: RC Obras, the Seguro Decenal Distinction and What You Need During Building Work
· 17 min read
Guides
Property swaps in Spain in 2026: permuta inmobiliaria, the tax treatment and how to exchange properties legally
· 16 min read
Guides
Community Fee Debt Enforcement in Spain in 2026: LPH Article 21, the Proceso Monitorio and How a Comunidad Recovers Unpaid Fees
· 18 min read
Guides
Mortgage Assumption in Spain in 2026: How a Buyer Takes Over the Seller's Existing Home Loan
· 15 min read
Guides
Tax Deferral in Spain in 2026: Aplazamiento and Fraccionamiento When You Cannot Pay Your AEAT Bill
· 12 min read
Guides
Compulsory purchase in Spain in 2026: expropiacion forzosa, the justiprecio and your right to challenge
· 16 min read
Guides
Adverse possession in Spain in 2026: usucapion and how someone can acquire your property through occupation
· 18 min read
Guides
Challenging Your Cadastral Value in Spain in 2026: The Appeal Process for an Overvalued Catastro Assessment
· 15 min read
Guides
The IAE for landlords in Spain in 2026: when rental activity becomes a business and what it costs
· 13 min read
Guides
Filing Spanish taxes electronically as a non-resident: Cl@ve, certificado digital and the practical barriers to AEAT online filing
· 15 min read
Guides
VAT (IVA) on tourist rentals in Spain in 2026: the 21% proposal, the current 10% regime and what short-let landlords need to know
· 10 min read
Guides
The Buyer's 3% Withholding Duty in Spain: How Modelo 211 Works When You Buy from a Non-Resident Seller
· 12 min read
Guides
Appealing a planning decision in Spain in 2026: reposicion, alzada and the judicial route for refused building licences
· 12 min read
Guides
What Happens When Your Off-Plan Developer Goes Bust in Spain: Bank Guarantees and Buyer Recovery
· 11 min read
Guides
Dacion en pago in Spain in 2026: voluntarily surrendering your property to clear the mortgage debt
· 15 min read
Guides
DAC7 Platform Reporting in Spain in 2026: What Airbnb, Booking.com and Vrbo Tell AEAT About Your Rental Income
· 13 min read
Guides
Split-Year Tax Residency in Spain in 2026: How to File When You Become Resident Mid-Year
· 17 min read
Guides
Foreign Company Ownership of Spanish Property in 2026: Tax, Liability and the Non-Resident Corporate Route
· 12 min read
Guides
Usufruct and Bare Ownership in Spain: Split Property Rights, Tax Valuation and What Buyers and Heirs Need to Know (2026)
· 14 min read
Guides
Modelo 216 Withholding Tax in Spain: Quarterly Filing, the 19% vs 24% Rate Split and the 2026 Reform (Orden HAC/623/2026)
· 12 min read
Guides
Setting up utilities in Spain as a non-resident owner: electricity, water and internet in 2026
· 9 min read
Guides
The Spanish Mortgage Tax Deduction for Residents in 2026: Who Can Still Claim and How Much
· 11 min read
Guides
Filing the Modelo 650 in 2026: How to Declare Spanish Inheritance Tax (ISD) as a Non-Resident
· 14 min read
Guides
The plusvalia municipal in Spain in 2026: IIVTNU calculation, the two methods and the Tribunal Supremo refund route
· 14 min read
Guides
What Triggers an AEAT Tax Inspection for Non-Resident Property Owners in Spain in 2026: The Risk Factors
· 14 min read
Guides
Mortgage Broker Regulation in Spain in 2026: Ley 5/2019, the Bank of Spain Registry and What a Non-Resident Buyer Should Know
· 11 min read
Guides
The obra nueva process in Spain in 2026: building control, licences and the first-occupation certificate
· 19 min read
Guides
The property selling timeline in Spain in 2026: week by week from preparation to tax deadlines
· 11 min read
Guides
Ceasing Spanish Tax Residency: The IRPF to IRNR Transition and Exit Process for Property Owners (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
Double Taxation Agreements and Your Spanish Property in 2026: How Treaties Protect Non-Resident Owners Across the Top Five Owner Countries
· 15 min read
Guides
The Spanish Property Registry in 2026: What It Shows and How to Check It
· 16 min read
Guides
The Energy Performance Certificate in Spain in 2026: what owners need to know
· 11 min read
Guides
The complete due diligence checklist for buying Spanish property in 2026: what to check before you commit
· 15 min read
Guides
Home Staging on the Costa del Sol in 2026: What Moves the Sale Price and Days on Market
· 12 min read
Guides
Property valuation in Spain in 2026: how the tasacion works under Order ECO/805/2003 and the 2025 sustainability reform
· 19 min read
Guides
The Spanish Fiscal Residence Certificate in 2026: How to Prove Tax Residency and Why It Matters for Property Owners
· 13 min read
Guides
The habitability certificate in Spain in 2026: cedula de habitabilidad, licencia de primera ocupacion and what buyers need
· 12 min read
Guides
The Community Administrator in Spain in 2026: Who Runs Your Urbanisation and What the Administrador de Fincas Does
· 14 min read
Guides
Rental income tax reductions for Spanish residents in 2026: the IRPF 60% reduction and when it applies
· 12 min read
Guides
The Modelo 210 Tax Refund in Spain in 2026: How Non-Resident Owners Claim Back Overpaid Tax
· 14 min read
Guides
Energy renovation subsidies for Spanish property in 2026: what grants and tax relief remain as the EU recovery package ends
· 15 min read
Guides
Legal protection insurance in Spain in 2026: defensa juridica, community disputes and when it covers property litigation
· 21 min read
Guides
Neighbour Construction Damage in Spain in 2026: What to Do When a Neighbour's Building Work Damages Your Property
· 16 min read
Guides
Rental Deposit Return Disputes in Spain in 2026: How to Recover Your Fianza and the LAU Rules on Withholding
· 19 min read
Guides
The cadastral revision in Spain in 2026: how valor catastral revisions work, the new reference values and why they move your IBI bill
· 13 min read
Guides
Property Tax Prescription in Spain in 2026: When IBI, ITP and IRNR Tax Debts Expire
· 16 min read
Guides
Property Owner Obligations Under the LPH in Spain in 2026: What You Must Do and Cannot Do in a Spanish Community
· 14 min read
Guides
Rental Loss Relief in Spain: Can Non-Resident Landlords Offset Losses and Carry Forward Negative Income? (2026)
· 12 min read
Guides
The community reserve fund in Spain in 2026: fondo de reserva, the 10% minimum and how it works under the LPH
· 12 min read
Guides
Challenging a Bank Valuation in Spain: When the Tasacion Comes In Too Low and What You Can Do (2026)
· 12 min read
Guides
Short-Let Rental Tax Compliance in Spain in 2026: Modelo 210 Filing, VAT and Deductible Expenses for Tourist Lets
· 13 min read
Guides
Mortgage Life Insurance in Spain in 2026: Seguro de Vida, the Ley 5/2019 Tying Ban and What Banks Can Require
· 14 min read
Guides
How Non-Resident Property Owners Pay Spanish Tax: Bank Transfer, Direct Debit and the AEAT Electronic Filing System (2026)
· 19 min read
Guides
Spanish Mortgage Rate Types in 2026: Fixed, Variable and Mixed Mortgages, the Euribor and How to Choose
· 10 min read
Guides
Getting Around the Costa del Sol in 2026: Airports, A-7, Trains, Buses and the Transport Map for Buyers and Residents
· 13 min read
Guides
The Spanish Property Conveyancing Timeline in 2026: Day by Day from Offer to Keys
· 11 min read
Guides
Heritage protection and Spanish property in 2026: BIC listing, the Ley del Patrimonio and what it means for your home
· 19 min read
Guides
Community insurance in Spain: the seguro de la comunidad, what it covers and who pays (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
The Property Registration Process in Spain in 2026: Inscripcion, Calificacion Registral and Tracto Sucesivo Explained
· 17 min read
Guides
Tax Enforcement in Spain in 2026: The Via de Apremio, Embargo and AEAT Collection Powers
· 13 min read
Guides
Rental contract types in Spain in 2026: habitual, temporada and tourist lets under the LAU
· 19 min read
Guides
Spanish Resident Income Tax (IRPF) for Property Owners in 2026: Rental Reductions, Imputed Income and Capital Gains Explained
· 13 min read
Guides
The gestor in Spain: what this uniquely Spanish administrative agent does for property owners (2026)
· 10 min read
Guides
How to Register as a Non-Resident Taxpayer in Spain in 2026: NIF, AEAT Census and Modelo 210 Deadlines
· 11 min read
Guides
Title Insurance in Spain: Why It Does Not Exist and What Protects Your Property Title Instead (2026)
· 13 min read
Guides
Imputed income tax for non-resident property owners in Spain: the empty-home tax explained (2026)
· 13 min read
Guides
The rental deposit (fianza) in Spain in 2026: how the LAU deposit system works for landlords and tenants
· 13 min read
Guides
Rental Tax Deductions in Spain for Non-Resident Landlords in 2026: What Expenses You Can Claim Against IRNR
· 15 min read
Guides
Early Repayment of a Spanish Mortgage in 2026: Penalty Caps, Partial Cancellation and How to Calculate the Fee
· 11 min read
Guides
Property maintenance for non-resident owners in Spain in 2026: costs, services and remote management
· 17 min read
Guides
Community Debt When Buying Spanish Property: Inheriting Unpaid Fees and the LPH Liability Rule (2026)
· 9 min read
Guides
IBI property tax in Spain in 2026: rates, calculation and the empty-home surcharge up to 150%
· 13 min read
Guides
The IRNR (Non-Resident Income Tax) in Spain: How the Tax Regime for Foreign Property Owners Works (2026)
· 9 min read
Guides
A Spanish Tax Audit for Non-Resident Property Owners: What Triggers One and How to Prepare (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
The valor de referencia de la Catastro: how Spain's reference value sets your transfer tax base (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
SL corporate income tax for Spanish property in 2026: how owning through a company changes your tax bill
· 11 min read
Guides
Leaving Spain: The Spanish exit tax and what happens to your property when you relocate abroad (2026)
· 8 min read
Guides
Spanish Mortgage Subrogation in 2026: How to Switch Banks Under Ley 5/2019 and What It Costs
· 13 min read
Guides
Plusvalia Municipal in Spain: The Land Value Tax on Property Sales, Two Methods and How to Calculate It (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
Mortgage Foreclosure in Spain in 2026: The Ejecucion Hipotecaria Process, the LO 1/2025 Auction Reform and What Non-Resident Owners Face
· 15 min read
Guides
Non-Resident CGT Reinvestment Relief in Spain in 2026: When the 3% Retention Can Be Reclaimed and the Modelo 228 Refund Process
· 12 min read
Guides
Buying Property at Auction in Spain in 2026: Subastas, the LO 1/2025 Reform and the New No-Bid Rules
· 12 min read
Guides
Inheritance Planning for Spanish Property in 2026: Wills, the Andalucia 99% Bonificacion, Donations and Usufruct Strategies
· 16 min read
Guides
How to Get a Tourist Licence in Andalusia in 2026: The VUT Application Process, Town-Hall Step and 3/5 Community Vote
· 15 min read
Guides
The Coastal Law in Spain in 2026: Ley de Costas, the EU Reform of Concessions and What Costa del Sol Buyers Must Check
· 20 min read
Guides
The Fiscal Representative in Spain for Non-Residents: Who Needs One, What They Do and What It Costs (2026)
· 10 min read
Guides
Owning a Second Home in Spain as a Non-Resident in 2026: Tax, the 90/180 Rule and the ETIAS Arrival
· 16 min read
Guides
Selling Property in Spain: The 2026 Pre-Listing Checklist of Certificates, Staging and Documents
· 11 min read
Guides
The Digital Nomad Visa for Spain 2026: the income requirement, qualifying work and the Beckham Law tax deal
· 9 min read
Guides
Spain Non-Lucrative Visa 2026: the income requirement, documents and 183-day rule
· 10 min read
Guides
Buying Repossessed Property in Spain: Bank Stock, Sareb and the REO Purchase Process (2026 refresh)
· 10 min read
Guides
Evicting a tenant in Spain: the 2026 express eviction process, timeline and landlord rights
· 13 min read
Guides
Squatters and okupacion in Spain in 2026: what property owners need to know about unauthorised occupation
· 16 min read
Guides
Gifting Property in Spain: the Donation Tax, Andalucia Bonificacion and Inter Vivos Transfers (2026)
· 9 min read
Guides
Appealing property tax in Spain: how to challenge IBI, plusvalia and cadastral values (2026)
· 15 min read
Guides
The architect's role in Spanish property: projects, peritos and what your arquitecto does (2026)
· 11 min read
Guides
The Spanish Tenancy Law (LAU) in 2026: Ley 29/1994, Contract Types, Duration Rules and the RDL 8/2026 Cap That Came and Went
· 20 min read
Guides
Mortgage Law in Spain: Ley 5/2019, Floor Clauses, Fee Caps and Non-Resident Borrower Rights (2026)
· 16 min read
Guides
The Marbella PGOU and the new PGOM: how 16,500 homes were legalised, annulled and rehoused under the LISTA (2026)
· 10 min read
Guides
The Horizontal Property Law in Spain in 2026: Ley 49/1960, Community Governance and the Tourist-Let Rule After the Supreme Court Ruling
· 13 min read
Guides
The Spanish Notary in a Property Purchase: Role, Costs, Digital Reforms and What Happens at Signing (2026)
· 10 min read
Guides
Refurbishment permits in Spain in 2026: licencia de obra mayor, menor and the digital submission framework
· 16 min read
Guides
Buying Property Through a Company in Spain: the SL Route, Tax and Liability in 2026
· 11 min read
Guides
The Spanish Property Tax Calendar for Non-Resident Owners in 2026: When to File What and the New Modelo 210 Changes
· 12 min read
Guides
Inheriting Spanish Property as a Non-Resident: The Probate and Acceptance Process
· 14 min read
Guides
Catastro and Cadastral Value in Spain: How the Land Registry Sets Your IBI and Transfer Tax (2026)
· 14 min read
Guides
Spanish Tax Residency in 2026: The 183-Day Rule, the Centre of Interests Test and the 2025 Supreme Court Doctrine for Property Owners
· 19 min read
Guides
Power of Attorney for Buying Property in Spain: Videoconference POAs, Apostille and How It Works (2026)
· 10 min read
Guides
Property Valuation in Spain in 2026: The Tasacion, Market Price and the Appraisal Gap
· 16 min read
Guides
Illegal Builds and Land Checks on the Costa del Sol: AFO, First-Occupation Licences and Buyer Safety in 2026
· 10 min read
Guides
Do You Need a Spanish Will for Your Costa del Sol Property? 2026 Guide
· 7 min read
Guides
Modelo 720 in 2026: declaring foreign assets as a Spanish tax resident after the CJEU reform
· 14 min read
Guides
Community fees in Spain: what owners actually pay the Comunidad de Propietarios in 2026
· 11 min read
Guides
Opening a Spanish Bank Account as a Non-Resident: 2026 Step-by-Step
· 9 min read
Guides
Do You Need an Independent Lawyer to Buy Property in Spain?
· 8 min read
Guides
Snagging a new-build on the Costa del Sol: the 2026 handover inspection checklist
· 10 min read
Guides
The Arras Contract in Spain in 2026: Reservation, Deposit and What Happens if You Pull Out
· 14 min read
Guides
Inheritance Tax in Spain for Non-Residents in 2026: the Andalucia 99% Bonificacion Explained
· 17 min read
Guides
Annual Property Taxes for Non-Residents in Spain (IBI, Modelo 210, Wealth Tax) 2026
· 6 min read
Guides
The Beckham Law in 2026: Spain's Special Tax Regime for Relocators Buying in Marbella
· 9 min read
Guides
Buying Property in Spain as an American in 2026: Tax, Visa and Process
· 15 min read
Guides
UK Buyers on the Costa del Sol Post-Brexit: 90/180 Rule, Visas and Tax in 2026
· 7 min read
Guides
Getting Your NIE in Málaga for a Property Purchase: 2026 Step-by-Step
· 6 min read
Guides
Costa del Sol Short-Let Rules 2026: VFT Registration, the 3/5 Community Veto and the Sanction Scale
· 6 min read
Guides
Buying Off-Plan on the Costa del Sol: Bank Guarantees, Stage Payments and 2026 Safety
· 12 min read
Guides
Property Transfer Tax in Andalusia 2026: ITP, VAT and AJD Explained
· 9 min read
Guides
Non-Resident Mortgages in Spain 2026: Borrowing Capacity, Rates and the Euribor Impact
· 10 min read
Guides
The 100% Tax on Non-EU Buyers in Spain: What's Actually True in 2026
· 13 min read
Guides
Spain's Golden Visa in 2026: it is gone, the law that killed it, and the four routes that still work
· 11 min read